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Magnesium

Magnesium

In the body, ionized magnesium accounts for 65% to 80% of total magnesium. The remainder is bound to albumin and globulin and therefore total serum magnesium is dependent on protein concentration. Magnesium is also stored in the bones and skeletal muscles. Dietary intake is the chief source of magnesium; it is absorbed in the distal small intestine and colon and reabsorbed in the kidneys. Absorption is enhanced by vitamin D and inhibited by dietary calcium and phosphate. Magnesium is excreted in feces and by the kidneys.

Magnesium (Mg++) ions serve various physiological functions in living cells. Its primary role is as a co-factor in many enzymatic reactions, especially those involved in energy production and ATP utilization. This element is also as a structural component of the bone and an endocrine regulator. Derangements of Mg homeostasis are implicated in several clinical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension, anxiety disorders, migraine, and osteoporosis.

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Magnesium

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